Mycenae is an age-old town in Argos (southern Greece), a large center of Aegean culture. If you have questions about the line between original scholarship and plagiarism, or if you have questions about specific practices, ask your instructor and consult Boston University’s Academic Conduct Code. Research methods in historical archaeology are quite diverse, ranging from geophysical survey to architectural analysis to ceramic decorative pattern studies to oral history to critical race theory and more. The ability to write a good research paper is an essential skill and this handout will help you improve your paper writing skills in archaeology. A broad subject, but you may assist significantly in the creation of a full project report, popular article or news report. Are they well-respected? Rather, he shows that the use of hands in this literatures refers almost exclusively to actual human hands and hand bones rather than metal clasps. The abstract summarizes the research, the results, and the conclusions. Unlike written sources, artifacts do not include direct facts regarding historical events, and historical conclusions come out of a scientific reconstruction. Authors should set Greek text in New Athena Unicode, a public-domain Greek font available at https://classicalstudies.org/publications-and-research/nau-download. It is good idea to reflect on how the implications of your research problem and the methods you used to collect and analyze your data fit together. Outside the town, archaeologists found nine domical tombs and a great number of chamber tombs. 2. Stay up to date! Graphs, charts, and tables should be used sparingly. Be skeptical. While you can always refer to the findings of outstanding scientists, presenting your analysis is important to show that you are learning from the information you find in different sources. Some of them might become and inspiration for archaeology research paper topics or give you an idea on what direction to move in: Pro-Papers uses cookies and other tracking technologies to customise your experience including Archaeological discipline vastly expanded space and time horizons of history. Just as you cannot cut and paste from a printed source, it is completely unacceptable, under any circumstances, to cut and paste even a word from the Internet without attribution. The interesting thing is that different entries have complete articles offering an explanation. and A.D., or uncalibrated or calibrated 14C? So what I’m writing here is from my own experiences and will only cover the writing process (not the thesis defense process). Keep your writing simple and use declarative sentences and direct verbs, avoiding the passive voice (e.g., “they found artifacts in the ravine” not “artifacts were found in the ravine”). Photographs or drawings may be used to show the details of a building or an artifact being described in the text. If it was reproduced, was it done so with permission? However, I do not mean to suggest that all articles published in Historical Archaeology must follow this structure absolutely! Citations in the text are placed in parentheses immediately following the information you are referencing. In the article by Cummings et al., they suggest that if there was a uniformity in the overseas Chinese experience in California then the distribution of archaeobotanical remains should be comparable across different site types. The main part of treasures is exhibited in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo. Try to think like a member of a jury in a trial. Corridor Z, layout of the decoration (Paley and Sobolewski 1987, pl. Why or why not? © 2020 Archaeological Institute of America, https://classicalstudies.org/publications-and-research/nau-download. Are they supported by the evidence? Copyright/disclaimer included. The abstract should be no longer than 200 words and should outline the problems discussed, methodology, and conclusions. of APA, and 17th ed. Is the purpose of the content to inform, entertain, or to spread an agenda? Remember that web sites, blogs, and similar sources may be unfiltered opinion and not data. The foundation trench is represented by deposits 4–8 and 17 (drawing by S. Schmidt). Please check your spam folder if the email doesn’t appear within a few minutes. Fig. The standards and guidance for archaeological documentation can be dependant on both the target audience and the body who required the report or publication, however the basic outline will remain the same. The structure of your data exposition should be directly guided by how each set of data fits into your argument. You are responsible for creating your work from your own imagination and based on original research. They show that differences in archaeobotanical data recovered from merchant households and tenement buildings indicate both class and occupational differences that are important to understanding the late 19th century Chinese community in San Jose, CA. 4. Around the mummified body, there were 143 gold cultic objects. To develop a good problem you need to consider two things. What is your data and how did you collect it? It has over 1600 entries about archaeological theories, archaeological sites, and cultures among others. Use a double return after each paragraph. Is there a date shown? Please visit the Technical Briefs webpage for more information about the series and how to submit your own work and, of course, to browse through the articles already published in the series: http://www.sha.org/index.php/view/page/technical_briefs. It is not acceptable to paraphrase or copy the work of others. The format is “author’s name-date-page numbers” (e.g., Potter 1979: 15-20). 2a is cited before fig. This is where you will present in substantial detail the evidence that will support your final argument. Write a detailed outline before you begin your research. That is a subject, which is both broad and unspecific. The former gives practical advice on how to plan your research and write a formal paper. The basic outline for an article writing format is. Copyright © 2000 - 2020 by Citation Machine®, a Chegg Service. An abstract is not a statement of what you are going to do, but what you have done in the paper. A good argument thus starts with good data, and, as we all know, good data comes from solid research skills and usually a bit of good luck. Specific page numbers for large books must be cited. For web sites include the author (s), date of creation, and the complete URL address. They show that this expectation does not hold up. Detail of the northwest corner of the Sanctuary of Apollo. We publish four issues each year, which include two guest-edited thematic issues (click here to learn more about Thematic issues) and two issues consisting of individually contributed articles (click here to learn more about the peer review process). As you discuss case studies that describe the kind of work being done in the field, make sure you also show how they each in some way point to that specific next step your own work takes. As the editor of Historical Archaeology, I see some of the best research in the field come across my desk. He shows instead that the hands were recovered in ambiguous spaces such as “cabin floors, chimney rubble, yards/middens, or manor-house crawlspaces—suggestive of accidental loss or deliberate (and casual) discard, or, at the very least, not from any recognized formal caches suggestive of intentionality or an elevation of the object above the mundane” (Davidson 2014:20). It is essential that you know the particular fields of study to which your work is connected. The memorial includes 200 buildings and separate constructions, the complex of temples, private premises, and defensive walls from block stones. What do the patterns you have identified tell us about the people who created the sites, deposits, and artifacts you have studied and discussed? After the introduction each paragraph should follow in a smooth logical sequence. These can be phrased as “if … then” statements and presented as a set of predictions that, if they prove true, will support your argument. Research Articles. Once you have established a good and well-grounded research problem, you need to discuss how you will address the problem you defined for your article. Launched in January 2001, The SAA Archaeological Record is issued five times a year, and is now available in "dynamic edition" format on the SAA website. When you use any source it is absolutely necessary to provide a full and accurate citation of it. Get research tips and citation information or just enjoy some fun posts from our student blog. Like archaeology itself, the key to writing archaeology essays is to dig for clues and come up with new and innovative answers. Don’t be afraid to conclude that the hypothesis you began with is not supported by the evidence. Never take credit for other people’s ideas or words. 2, which is cited before fig. All headings should be typed on a separate line, not run in with the text. Use primary sources such as published books and articles in peer-reviewed journals, and limit your use of secondary sources such as textbooks, dictionaries, and encyclopedias. Our Citation Machine® APA guide is a one-stop shop for learning how to cite in APA format. It has been published independently by the Society for Historical Archaeology since 1967. Daily archaeological news and exclusive online features, plus articles from the current issue and back issues Figures are placed during composition as soon as possible after their first text reference. Note the tilt of the pivot in the direction of motion (R. Schreiber). In Davidson’s article, he establishes that if the hand artifacts were charms then they should be found in similar contexts to other spiritual items such as caches buried under floors or in the walls of houses. The latter is an essential reference for the preparation of all kinds of research papers. Your last paragraph is equally important because it summarizes your findings and convinces the reader that your conclusions are supported by the evidence. Do not commit plagiarism. 3, etc. Learn about footnotes, endnotes, and everything in between to help you. In the examples above, Davidson is working on problems being examined in African Diaspora archaeology as well as religious studies and plantation history. However, this is rather a “romanticized” version of what actually happens. Figures (maps, plans, photographs, or other images) are grouped at the end of the paper, each with a number and a caption explaining the figure and identifying the source. Figures are not window dressing: each should add something to your paper. A strong paper typically states the hypothesis at the beginning of the introduction. When you are finished, proofread your paper to check spelling, grammar, and punctuation, paying attention to the agreement of tense (has/had), number (one/they; phenomenon/phenomena), possessives versus plurals (artifact’s/artifacts), case (who/whom), and other common errors such as confusing “its” (possessive pronoun) with “it’s” (contraction of “it is”) or “affect” with “effect.”. Please contact me (shaeditor@gmail.com) if you have an article you would like to submit or contact Julie Schablitsky (JSchablitsky@sha.state.md.us) if you are interested in writing a book review. When you are finished, have someone read your abstract, or the whole paper, and comment on it. To a certain degree the principals are the same, however, you should ensure rigorous checking of details, data and bibliographic references. delivering advertising and other services. It must introduce your subject, topic, and hypothesis, discuss the significance of the problem, describe your research, and give an outline of your conclusions. There should be no additional spacing before or after lines. The full details of this format, with examples, are given in If a source has not been subjected to peer review or editorial control, you should be skeptical of its contents. While knowing the rules is necessary, most of us have harder time with the stages involved in framing and writing up our findings and ideas into a research article. The hypothesis guides your research and requires evaluation, explanation, and testing. 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